Eduard Daelen
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Eduard Adolf Daelen (18 March 1848 – 9 May 1923) was a German painter and writer. For some of his writings he used the pseudonyms Ursus teutonicus, Angelo Dämon, Edu Daelen-Bachem and Michel Bär. He became known above all for the first biography of
Wilhelm Busch Heinrich Christian Wilhelm Busch (14 April 1832 – 9 January 1908) was a German humorist, poet, illustrator, and painter. He published wildly innovative illustrated tales that remain influential to this day. Busch drew on the tropes of f ...
, which he wrote in 1886.


Life

Born in
Hörde Hörde is a ''Stadtbezirk'' ("City District") and also a ''Stadtteil'' ('' Quarter'') in the south of the city of Dortmund, in Germany. Hörde is situated at 51°29' North, 7°30' West, and is at an elevation of 112 metres above mean sea level. ...
, Daelen was the son of a senior engineer. Although he much preferred to study art, he was first forced to study mechanical engineering. To this end, he was enrolled at the trade school in Barmen from 1863 to 1865 and at the trade academy in Berlin from 1867 to 1868. It was not until the autumn of 1868 that he entered the elementary class with Andreas Müller at the
Kunstakademie Düsseldorf The Kunstakademie Düsseldorf is the academy of fine arts of the state of North Rhine Westphalia at the city of Düsseldorf, Germany. Notable artists who studied or taught at the academy include Joseph Beuys, Gerhard Richter, Magdalena Jetelová, ...
, but left again in the autumn of 1869 "because he could not yet get a place in the antique hall". He therefore went first to the Berlin and until 1875 to the Munich Academy of Arts, where
Otto Seitz Otto Seitz, was a 19th-century German painter; born 3 September 1846 in Munich. As a professor with the Academy of Fine Arts, Munich, he was the mentor of many major artists. Works His primary subjects were genre scenes, floral still life and ...
and
Wilhelm von Diez Albrecht Christoph Wilhelm von Diez (17 January 1839, Bayreuth – 25 February 1907, Munich) was a German painter and illustrator of the Munich School. Life He attended a trade school in Munich, followed by the Polytechnic School (precursor of ...
were his teachers. After a short stay in Rome, he settled in Düsseldorf in 1875. From 1877 to 1923, he was a member of the
Malkasten Malkasten (English: "Paintbox") is a progressive German artists' association, founded in Düsseldorf in 1848, during the March Revolution. Since 1867, their headquarters have been in the Pempelfort district. History During the unrest in 1848, ...
and chairman of the local association of the . He also belonged to the academic artists' association ''Orient'', the artists' group ''Laetitia'' and the ''Düsseldorfer Schriftstellerverein''. In 1900, he was the initiator of the ''Goethe-Bund''. In near
Düsseldorf Düsseldorf ( , , ; often in English sources; Low Franconian and Ripuarian: ''Düsseldörp'' ; archaic nl, Dusseldorp ) is the capital city of North Rhine-Westphalia, the most populous state of Germany. It is the second-largest city in th ...
, the Eduard-Daelen-Straße was named after him.


Activity

Daelen's painting is assigned to the
Düsseldorf school of painting The Düsseldorf school of painting is a term referring to a group of painters who taught or studied at the Düsseldorf Academy (now the Staatliche Kunstakademie Düsseldorf or Düsseldorf State Art Academy) during the 1830s and 1840s, when the A ...
and
Munich School Munich School ( el, Σχολή του Μονάχου) is the name given to a group of painters who worked in Munich or were trained at the Royal Academy of Fine Arts of Munich (german: Münchner Akademie der Bildenden Künste) between 1850 and 19 ...
. He dealt with activities of the Düsseldorf school in numerous paintings and writings. His painting style can be described as "realistic",*
Eva Weissweiler Eva-Ruth Weissweiler (born 14 February 1951 in Mönchengladbach) is a German writer, musicologist and non fiction writer. Life Weissweiler entered the Mönchengladbach State Girls' Grammar School in 1961, where she graduated in 1969 (Abitur). Sh ...
: ''Wilhelm Busch. The Laughing Pessimist. A Biography.'' Kiepenheuer & Witsch, Cologne 2007, , .
However, he also incorporated Impressionist influences in his colouring and application of paint. He probably had financial success mainly with portraits, e.g. of the German Emperor
Wilhelm I William I or Wilhelm I (german: Wilhelm Friedrich Ludwig; 22 March 1797 – 9 March 1888) was King of Prussia from 2 January 1861 and German Emperor from 18 January 1871 until his death in 1888. A member of the House of Hohenzollern, he was the f ...
or
Otto von Bismarck Otto, Prince of Bismarck, Count of Bismarck-Schönhausen, Duke of Lauenburg (, ; 1 April 1815 – 30 July 1898), born Otto Eduard Leopold von Bismarck, was a conservative German statesman and diplomat. From his origins in the upper class of J ...
's for local and public clients. In addition, he also produced "surreal" compositions, such as ''Größenwahn'' (1891), ''Aschermittwoch'' (1892), or ''Der Clown'', an allegory of "contemporary artistic excesses" (1892), as well as landscape depictions and numerous other portraits. After the outbreak of the First World War, he produced "patriotic" works such as the paintings ''Der deutsche Adler. Kampf des germanischen Adlers mit dem gallischen Hahn'', ''Des Weltbrands Licht!, Allegorie auf den Weltkrieg'' or ''Mit eiserner Ruhe. The "German Michel" leaning on a sword, the blade of which is inscribed with "Siegfried", stands upright before a dragon''. In addition, he became involved with appeals, posters and war postcards. Among other things, Daelen wrote art criticism, which appeared under the pseudonyms ''Ursos teutonicus'' and ''Angelo Dämon'' in various papers. In them he occasionally used language that bordered on insults. In addition, he published titles such as ''Das Hohe Lied vom Bier'', ''Schüttle dich, Germania! '', ''Skizzen vom Rhein'', ''Triumph der Hansa'', biographies (among others on
Eduard Bendemann Eduard Julius Friedrich Bendemann (3 December 1811, Berlin – 27 December 1889, Düsseldorf) was a German-Jewish painter. Biography Bendemann was born in Berlin. His father, Anton Heinrich Bendemann, was a Jewish banker. His mother, Fanny El ...
,
Wilhelm Camphausen Wilhelm Camphausen (8 February 1818, Düsseldorf16 June 1885, Düsseldorf), was a German Painting, painter who specialized in historical and battle scenes. Biography He studied under Alfred Rethel and Friedrich Wilhelm Schadow. As an historical ...
, Carl Müller, Eduard Steinbrück and Benjamin Vautier) for thee ''
Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie ''Allgemeine Deutsche Biographie'' (ADB, german: Universal German Biography) is one of the most important and comprehensive biographical reference works in the German language. It was published by the Historical Commission of the Bavarian Aca ...
'', poems as well as festive and slow plays for performance in the Künstlerverein Malkasten. He was editor and co-author of the art volumes ''Die Schönheit der Frauen'', 280 photographic outdoor studies by Ed Büchler, J. Agélou, G. Plüschow and E. Schneider (with Paul Hirth), Stuttgart, Schmidt 1905, ''Die Schönheit des menschlichen Körpers'', with 322 painterly nude studies after nature (with contributions by Gustav Fritsch, Josef Kirchner among others), Stuttgart, Kunstverlag Klemm & Beckmann 1905, and ''Nackte Schönheit. Ein Buch für Künstler und Ärzte'', with 336 artistic nude studies after photographic images (with the collaboration of Dr. Gustav Fritsch, Professor of Anatomy at the University of Berlin and J. Paar), Stuttgart, Hermann Schmidt 1907.


Eduard Daelen and Wilhelm Busch

A vehement anti-Catholic, he believed he had found a kindred spirit in Wilhelm Busch. This seemed to be indicated by Wilhelm Busch's anti-clerical picture stories such as ', ' and '. When Daelen's work ''Über Wilhelm Busch und seine Bedeutung'' appeared, however, both Wilhelm Busch and his circle of friends were embarrassed. In the scurrilous laudation, Eduard Daelen equated Wilhelm Busch with greats such as
Leonardo da Vinci Leonardo di ser Piero da Vinci (15 April 14522 May 1519) was an Italian polymath of the High Renaissance who was active as a painter, Drawing, draughtsman, engineer, scientist, theorist, sculptor, and architect. While his fame initially res ...
,
Peter Paul Rubens Sir Peter Paul Rubens (; ; 28 June 1577 – 30 May 1640) was a Flemish artist and diplomat from the Duchy of Brabant in the Southern Netherlands (modern-day Belgium). He is considered the most influential artist of the Flemish Baroque traditio ...
and
Gottfried Wilhelm Leibniz Gottfried Wilhelm (von) Leibniz . ( – 14 November 1716) was a German polymath active as a mathematician, philosopher, scientist and diplomat. He is one of the most prominent figures in both the history of philosophy and the history of mathema ...
and quoted uncritically from a noncommittal correspondence with Busch. He described the author Busch as the "archetype of the genuine German folk spirit" and "embodiment of the mythical ancestor Teut". The ''pious Helene'', which in today's view caricatures above all religious hypocrisy and dubious bourgeois morality, Daelen saw as an attack on "female mischievousness, curiosity and vanity, as well as the always speculative sophistication despite all laziness and narrow-mindedness". The literary scholar
Friedrich Theodor Vischer Friedrich Theodor Vischer (; 30 June 180714 September 1887) was a German novelist, poet, playwright, and writer on the philosophy of art. Today, he is mainly remembered as the author of the novel '' Auch Einer'', in which he developed the concept ...
, who in his essay ''Über neuere deutsche Karikatur'' (On Recent German Caricature) found a respectful appreciation of Busch as well as some critical remarks, attacked Daelen in page-long tirades as a "literary bonze" and accused him of the "eunuch envy of the dried-up philistine". One of the first to respond to Daelen's biographical attempt was the literary historian . His essay, which appeared in the ''
Frankfurter Zeitung The ''Frankfurter Zeitung'' () was a German-language newspaper that appeared from 1856 to 1943. It emerged from a market letter that was published in Frankfurt. In Nazi Germany, it was considered the only mass publication not completely controlle ...
'', contained a number of incorrect biographical data and was the occasion for Wilhelm Busch to comment on his person in the same newspaper. Busch felt exposed by the biography and felt that the denigration by
Kaspar Braun Kaspar Braun (13 August 1807 – 29 October 1877) was a German wood engraver. Biography He was born at Aschaffenburg, first studied painting in the Munich Academy, and then turned his attention to wood engraving, in which he received instruction ...
went too far. He also found the treatment of his relationship with Johanna Keßler, who had strongly supported him in his Frankfurt years, indiscreet and tastelessly illuminated. Daelen died in Düsseldorf at the age of 75.


Work

* ''Motiv aus Tivoli'', 1875 * ''Abendstimmung am Hintersee'', 1877 * ''Selbstbildnis'', 1880, in .Selbstbildnis Eduard Daelen, Oil on canvas, 1880
auf d:kult Düsseldorf
* ''Huldigung an Kaiser Wilhelm I.'', 1880; former * ''Mars imperator – Venus imperatrix'', 1888 * ''Größenwahn'', 1891 * ''Aschermittwoch'', 1892 * ''Der Clown'', Allegorie auf „zeitgenössische Kunstauswüchse“, 1892 * ''Bildnis eines bärtigen Herrn (Karl Heinrich Wedigen)'', 1895 * ''Gemütliche Runde im Park des alten Düsseldorfer Malkasten'', 1896 * ''Bildnis des Stadtrats Peter Hubert Knops'', 1908; former Museum Siegen * ''Im Düsseltal'', 1914 * ''Offenes Geheimnis am Beichtstuhl'', legacy


Publications

* ''Der Fall „Jägerhof-Park“. Ein Alarmruf in höchster Not.'' Düsseldorf o.J. Manuscript: Malkasten-Archiv, Düsseldorf. * ''Narrfingen. Die wundervollste Wundergeschichte unseres Jahrhunderts. Von Michel Bär'' (d. i. Eduard Daelen). Düsseldorf 1879. * ''Der Blick ins Jenseits.'' With Carl Maria Seyppel. 1880. * ''Der Reinfall. Lustige Schweizerreise.'' 1881. * ''Schüttle Dich, Germania.'' Düsseldorf 1881. * ''Keine Spielverderber oder: Man immer gemüthlich! Allegorisches Bühnenweihfestspiel zur Eröffnung der Winter-Zwillingskegelbahn im Malkasten zu Düsseldorf am 11.11.1882.'' Düsseldorf 1882. * ''Auf die Jungfrau! Eine lust’ge Schweizerreise, welche vier fidele Knaben abenteuerlicherweise unlängst unternommen haben.'' 1882. * ''Bismarck. Eine Vision.'' Mit 90 Illustrationen. Oberhausen und Leipzig 1882. * ''Von der Wurschtigkeit. Bismarckiaden in Reim und Bild.'' Oberhausen und Leipzig 1883. * ''Das Hohe Lied vom Bier.'' Phantasie. Düsseldorf 1884. * ''Die Gründung Pempelforts oder Skandal und Liebe. Humoristisches Lustspiel von Ursus Teutonicus.'' Düsseldorf 1884. * ''Knall und Fall. Festspiel.'' 1885. * ''Die elf Gebote der Ehe. Eine Humoreske.'' 1885. * ''Festspiel zur Feier des 70. Geburtstages und des 50jährigen Malerjubiläums von Andreas Achenbach im Malkasten, 28.9.1885.'' Düsseldorf 1885. * ''Ueber Wilhelm Busch und seine Bedeutung. Eine lustige Streitschrift.'' Düsseldorf. Bagel 1886. * ''Der muntere Wähler, oder Laß dich nicht verblüffen!.'' Ca. 1887. * ''Zur Geschichte der bildenden Kunst in Düsseldorf.'' In ''Beiträge zur Geschichte des Niederrheins.'' Vol. 3, Düsseldorf 1888, pp. 296 ff.
Numerized
* ''Schüttle Dich, Germania! Geharnischte Bismarcksonette von einem Freimüthigen.'' Düsseldorf 1891. * ''Skizzen vom Rhein. Aus der Studienmappe von E. Daelen.'' Spaarmann, Styrum und Leipzig 1894. * ''Brutus, schläfst Du? Ein Mahnruf an die Kunststadt Düsseldorf.'' Düsseldorf 1896. * ''Mars und Venus oder ihr neuester Sieg. Jubiläums-Vorspiel-Polterabendscherz-Bummelstück in einem Akt.'' Künstlerverein Malkasten; 50. Stiftungsfest. Düsseldorf 1898. * ''Eine Doppelhochzeit. Festspiel zum 50jährigen Jubiläum des Malkastens am 3.7.1898.'' Düsseldorf 1898. * ''Aus der Geschichte des
Malkasten Malkasten (English: "Paintbox") is a progressive German artists' association, founded in Düsseldorf in 1848, during the March Revolution. Since 1867, their headquarters have been in the Pempelfort district. History During the unrest in 1848, ...
artist association : zur Jubelfeier seines fünfzigjährigen Bestehens ; 1848 – 1898.'' - Düsseldorf : Bagel, 1898
Digitalisierte Ausgabe
der Universitäts- und Landesbibliothek Düsseldorf. * ''Das Friedensfest in Pempelfort. Satyrspiel zur Feier der Jahrhundertwende.'' Düsseldorf ca. 1900. * Maskenredoute des Künstlervereins Malkasten. Düsseldorf, 24 February 1900: „Triumph der Hansa“. Düsseldorf 1900. * ''Aufruf an die Düsseldorfer Künstlerschaft zur Bildung eines Goethe-Bundes. Vorgetragen in der Generalversammlung der Düsseldorfer Künstler am 23.4.1900.'' Düsseldorf 1900. * ''Das neue Kunstausstellungsgebäude zu Düsseldorf.'' Düsseldorf 1901/02. * ''Ein Friedensplan. Entwurf zu einem Festspiel zur Großen Industrie- und Kunstausstellung.'' Düsseldorf 1902. * ''Frechheit ist Trumpf! oder Wer lacht da? Ein Satyrspiel zur Internationalen Kunstausstellung von Angelo Dämon.'' Düsseldorf 1904. * ''Malkastenhumor. Das Geheimnis oder Salon und Galgen.'' Düsseldorf, after 1905. * ''Bilanz der Internationalen. Mit einer zeitgemäßen Forderung von Angelo Dämon.'' Stuttgart 1905. * ''La moralité du nu.'' Klemm & Beckmann, Berlin 1906 * ''Hollands Blütezeit. Festspiel, Malkastenredoute, Düsseldorf, 17.2.1912.'' Düsseldorf 1912. * ''Zum Monistentag in Düsseldorf, 6.9.1913.'' Drei Gedichte. 1913. * ''Laetitia, viellieber Klang!.'' In Velhagen & Klasings Monatshefte 28.3 (Mai/Aug. 1914). * ''Gedicht zum Tode des Malers Ernst Bosch am 22. März 1917.'' In Düsseldorfer Generalanzeiger, 26 March 1917. * ''Welt-Großmacht Presse, zur Großen Berliner Kunstausstellung 1917.'' Düsseldorf 1918. * ''Vom Fischerdorf zur Weltstadt. Eine Offenbarung der Weltstadt.'' Düsseldorf 1918. * ''Das Vorrecht der Jugend. Ein heiteres Spiel.'' Düsseldorf 1919. * ''Die nackte Maja. Das Lustspiel der Revolution in 3 Akten.'' Düsseldorf 1920. * ''Deutscher Frühling. Freie Bekenntnisse von Edu Daelen-Bachem und Emma Lucas-Boeddinghaus.'' Düsseldorf 1920. * ''Das Kreuz. Roman aus Düsseldorfs Vergangenheit.'' Manuscript, o.J.; Düsseldorf, Malkasten-Archiv.


References


Further reading

* Daelen, Eduard. In: Friedrich von Boetticher: Malerwerke des 19. Jahrhunderts. Beitrag zur Kunstgeschichte. Band 1/1, Bogen 1–30: Aagaard–Heideck. Fr. v. Boetticher’s Verlag, Dresden 1891, S. 201–202 (Textarchiv – Internet Archive). * Hans Vollmer: Daelen, Eduard. In: Ulrich Thieme (Hrsg.): Allgemeines Lexikon der Bildenden Künstler von der Antike bis zur Gegenwart. Begründet von Ulrich Thieme und Felix Becker. Band 8: Coutan–Delattre. E. A. Seemann, Leipzig 1912, S. 258 (Textarchiv – Internet Archive). * Daelen, Eduard. In: Hans Wolfgang Singer (Hrsg.): Allgemeines Künstler-Lexicon. Leben und Werke der berühmtesten bildenden Künstler. Vorbereitet von Hermann Alexander Müller. 5. unveränderte Auflage. Band 1: Aachen–Fyt. Literarische Anstalt, Rütten & Loening, Frankfurt a. M. 1921, S. 308 (Textarchiv – Internet Archive). * Daelen, Eduard. In: Hans Wolfgang Singer (Hrsg.): Allgemeines Künstler-Lexicon. Leben und Werke der berühmtesten bildenden Künstler. Vorbereitet von Hermann Alexander Müller. 5. unveränderte Auflage. Band 5: Vialle–Zyrlein. Nachträge und Berichtigungen. Literarische Anstalt, Rütten & Loening, Frankfurt a. M. 1921, S. 63 (Textarchiv – Internet Archive – Nachträge, auch in Band 6, S. 59). * Daelen, Eduard. In: Hans Vollmer (Hrsg.): Allgemeines Lexikon der bildenden Künstler des XX. Jahrhunderts. Band 5: V–Z. Nachträge: A–G. E. A. Seemann, Leipzig 1961, S. 409. * ''Daelen (Eduard).'' In '' Dictionnaire critique et documentaire des peintres, sculpteurs, dessinateurs et graveurs de tous les temps et de tous les pays.'' Vol. 3: ''Chillida–Duggelin.'' Gründ, Paris 1976 , ( – Leseprobe). * Daelen, Eduard. In Walther Killy (ed.): Deutsche Biographische Enzyklopädie (DBE). 1. Auflage. Band 2: Bohacz–Ebhardt. K. G. Saur, München 1995, , (Textarchiv – Internet Archive – Leseprobe, Here the date of birth is given differently as 13 March 1843). * (ed.): ''Lexikon der Düsseldorfer Malerschule 1819–1918.'' Vol. 1: ''Abbema–Gurlitt.'' Published by the
Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf The Kunstpalast, formerly Kunstmuseum Düsseldorf is an art museum in Düsseldorf. History The roots of the museum go back around 300 years. In 1932, the collection of the Kunstakademie Düsseldorf (Academy of Art) was housed in the Kunstmus ...
in Ehrenhof and the
Galerie Paffrath The Galerie Paffrath is an art gallery in Düsseldorf, Germany, specialising in paintings of the 19th century. Profile Galerie Paffrath specialises in 19th-century paintings, in particular works by painters of the Düsseldorf school of painting, ...
. Bruckmann, Munich 1997, , ). * Gudrun Schury: ''Ich wollt, ich wär ein Eskimo. Das Leben des Wilhelm Busch. Biographie.'' Aufbau-Verlag, Berlin 2007, . * Michaela Diers: ''Wilhelm Busch, Leben und Werk.'' dtv, Munich 2008, .


External links


Eduard Daelen
on westfaelischer-autorinnen-und-autoren.de *

{{DEFAULTSORT:Daelen, Eduard 19th-century German painters 19th-century German male artists German genre painters German art critics 1848 births 1923 deaths Artists from Dortmund